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Mary and Matthew Darly were English printsellers and caricaturists during the 1770s. Mary Darly (fl. 1756-1779) was a printseller, caricaturist, artist, engraver, writer, and teacher. She wrote, illustrated, and published the first book on caricature drawing, ''A Book of Caricaturas'' () (c. 1762), aimed at "young gentlemen and ladies."〔(National Portrait Gallery | Search the Collection | Archive Collection | Caricatures | The Role of the Amateur )〕 Mary was the wife of Matthew Darly, also called Matthias (fl. 1741 - 1778),〔See Mark Bryant, "The Mother of Pictorial Satire," ''History Today'', April 2007, Vol. 57, Issue 4, p. 58-9.〕 a London printseller, furniture designer, and engraver. Mary was evidently the second wife of Matthew; his first was named Elizabeth Harold.〔Constance Simon, ''English Furniture Designers of the Eighteenth Century'' (A.H. Bullen, 1905), 39-51.〕 ==Matthew Darly== During the first part of his career, Matthew Darly moved from one part of the Strand to other, but he always called his shops the "Acorn" or the "Golden Acorn."〔 He may have begun his career as an architect〔Howard Colvin, ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600-1840'', 3rd ed. (Yale University Press) 1995, ''s.v.'' "Matthias Darly".〕 but then moved into furniture designs and caricature, and soon acquired fame.〔 It was written of Richard Cosway that "so ridiculously foppish did he become that Matth. Darly the famous caricature print seller, introduced an etching of him in his window in the Strand as the ‘Macaroni Miniature Painter.’"〔 Matthias Darly not only issued political caricatures, but designed ceilings, chimney pieces, mirror frames, girandoles, decorative panels and other furnishing accessories, He engravings many of Thomas Chippendale's designs for ''The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director'' (plates dated 1753 and 1754, and plates in the second edition, 1762), and sold his own productions over the counter. The first publication which can be attributed to him with certainty is a colored caricature, ''The Cricket Players of Europe'' (1741). In 1754, with a partner, Edwards,〔The plates are signed "Edwds et Darley Invt et Sculp" Peter Ward-Jackson, ''English Furniture Designs of the Eighteenth Century'' (London: H.M.S.O.) 1958, p.47 and pls.128-34.〕 he issued ''A New Book of Chinese Designs'', which was intended to minister to the passing craze for furniture and household decorations in the fanciful chinoiserie style, and also included some Rococo whimsical chairs and tables to be made out of gnarled roots.〔Ward-Jackson 1958, pls 133-34.〕 It was in this year that he engraved many of the plates for Chippendale's ''Director''. ''A New Book of Ceilings'' followed in 1760. He published from many addresses, most of them in the Strand or its immediate neighborhood, and his shop was for a long period perhaps the most important of its kind in London. Darly was for many years in partnership with a man named Edwards, and together they published many political prints, which were originally issued separately and collected annually into volumes under the title of ''Political and Satirical History''. Darly was a member both of the Incorporated Society of Artists and the Free Society of Artists, forerunners and unsuccessful rivals of the Royal Academy, and to their exhibitions he contributed many architectural drawings, together with a profile etching of himself (1775). Upon one of these etchings, published from 39 Strand, he is described as Professor of Ornament to the Academy of Great Britain. Darly's most important publication— his chief claim to being credited as an architect— was ''The Ornamental Architect or Young Artist's Instructor...Consisting of the Five Orders drawn with their Embellishments'' (1770–1771), a title which was changed in the edition of 1773 to ''A Compleat Body of Architecture, embellished with a great Variety of Ornaments''.〔Colvin 1995; Eileen Harris, ''British Architectural Books and Writers1556-1785'' 1990:176-78.〕 He also issued ''Sixty Vases by English, French and Italian Masters'' (1767). In addition to his immense mass of other productions Darly executed many book plates, illustrated various books and cabinet-makers' catalogues, and gave lessons in etching. His skill as a caricaturist brought him into close personal relations with the politicians of his time, and in 1763 he was instrumental in saving John Wilkes, whose partisan he was, from death at the hands of James Dunn, who had determined to kill him. Darly, who described himself as Liveryman and block maker, issued his last caricature in October 1780, and as his shop, No. 39 Strand, was let to a new tenant in the following year, it is to be presumed that he had by that time died, or become incapable of further work. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mary and Matthew Darly」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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